What is the function of anti-lock braking systems (ABS)?

Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) are designed primarily to prevent wheel lock-up during hard braking. When a driver brakes suddenly, there is a risk that the wheels may stop turning, which can lead to a loss of steering control and increase the likelihood of skidding. ABS uses sensors to monitor the speed of each wheel and, if it detects that a wheel is about to lock up, it automatically modulates the brake pressure on that wheel. This rapid pulsing of the brakes allows the wheel to continue spinning, thereby maintaining traction and enabling the driver to steer the vehicle more effectively during emergency braking situations.

The other options focus on aspects that are not the primary function of ABS. While enhanced braking efficiency may be a secondary benefit due to improved control, the core function specifically addresses the prevention of wheel lock-up. Acceleration enhancement is not a function of ABS, nor does it assist in steering; instead, it plays a crucial role in maintaining control during braking situations.